{"id":41,"date":"2016-06-17T01:28:28","date_gmt":"2016-06-17T01:28:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cartrophen.com\/?page_id=41"},"modified":"2016-08-30T08:48:04","modified_gmt":"2016-08-30T08:48:04","slug":"equine-traumatic-joint-disease","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cartrophen.com\/fr\/for-vets\/equine-traumatic-joint-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Le cycle de l\u2019arthrose"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

Le cycle de l\u2019arthrose<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Le \u00ab\u00a0Cycle de l\u2019arthrose\u00bb repr\u00e9sente la d\u00e9gradation continuelle et le d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre des processus m\u00e9taboliques dans l\u2019articulation une fois le cycle de la maladie arthrosique \u00e9tabli.\u00a0L\u2019OA peut \u00eatre mise en place par une s\u00e9rie de facteurs externes, tels que des blessures ou traumatismes articulaires. Une fois le processus arthrosique mis en place, il y a plusieurs processus qui subissent un cycle de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration. Trois de ces cycles sont discut\u00e9s ci-dessous et montr\u00e9s dans le diagramme suivant.<\/p>\n

Cycle 1 \u2013 Occlusions Vasculaires<\/strong> –\u00a0Les antig\u00e8nes d\u00e9riv\u00e9s du cartilage, lib\u00e9r\u00e9s dans le liquide synovial, peuvent activer les leucocytes du sang et exprimer des activit\u00e9s pro-coagulantes et de la cytokine.\u00a0Cela peut entra\u00eener des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de caillots de fibrine et de lipides dans les tissus synoviaux et dans les petits vaisseaux sanguins alimentant les os sous-chondraux.\u00a0Lorsque le flux sanguin et la nutrition des cellules osseuses et synoviales sont compromis, il en r\u00e9sulte une isch\u00e9mie, une n\u00e9crose cellulaire et des douleurs articulaires.<\/p>\n

En r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la n\u00e9crose cellulaire et au traumatisme, il y a remodelage et \u00e9paississement de l\u2019os sous-chondral, alt\u00e9rant ainsi sa conformit\u00e9 m\u00e9canique.Ces changements augmentent la contrainte de poids support\u00e9e par les articulations du cartilage sus-jacentes, les soumettant de ce fait \u00e0 des forces m\u00e9caniques excessives. Ces facteurs m\u00e9caniques contribuent \u00e0 l\u2019insuffisance de cartilage et la lib\u00e9ration d\u2019antig\u00e8nes suppl\u00e9mentaires.<\/p>\n

Cycle 2 \u2013 D\u00e9gradation Synoviale –\u00a0<\/strong>Les fragments de cartilage et les produits de d\u00e9gradation de la matrice (ex\u00a0: \u00e0 partir de prot\u00e9oglycanes\u00a0 et de collag\u00e8ne Type II) lib\u00e9r\u00e9s du cartilage articulaire endommag\u00e9 sont antig\u00e9niques, quand ils se localisent dans la membrane synoviale, ils peuvent provoquer une r\u00e9action inflammatoire (synovite).<\/p>\n

Une fois la synovite install\u00e9e dans l\u2019articulation, les cellules synoviales ainsi que les leucocytes recrut\u00e9s dans le sang, lib\u00e8rent de nombreuses substances nocives qui peuvent perp\u00e9tuer le processus de l\u2019arthrose.\u00a0Parmi ces substances nocives, on peut citer les prostaglandines, les prot\u00e9inases, les cytokines (IL-1, TNF-\u03b1) et les radicaux libres, qui peuvent directement ou indirectement d\u00e9grader le cartilage, les os et l\u2019acide hyaluronique du liquide synovial.<\/p>\n

Par la suite,\u00a0le m\u00e9tabolisme des synoviocytes est anormal, produisant un acide hyaluronique de mauvaise qualit\u00e9, de faible poids mol\u00e9culaire, perp\u00e9tuant une plus grande friction des articulations et une plus grande d\u00e9gradation du cartilage articulaire.<\/p>\n

Cycle 3 \u2013 Enzymes Prot\u00e9olytiques –\u00a0<\/strong>La structure anormale de l\u2019articulation due \u00e0 l\u2019insuffisance de cartilage augmente les forces m\u00e9caniques et les inflammations.\u00a0Les contraintes r\u00e9sultent en un m\u00e9tabolisme anormal de chondrocyte, augmentant la production de m\u00e9talloprot\u00e9ines cataboliques qui rompent la matrice cartilagineuse.\u00a0Les chondrocytes produisent un inhibiteur tissulaire de m\u00e9talloprot\u00e9ines pour contrecarrer la lib\u00e9ration d\u2019enzymes, mais pas en quantit\u00e9 suffisante pour r\u00e9duire le processus de destruction. De plus la d\u00e9gradation du cartilage r\u00e9sulte en des anomalies au niveau de l\u2019articulation et fait progresser le processus de la maladie.<\/p>\n

Ci-dessous une repr\u00e9sentation graphique du\u00a0 cycle de l\u2019arthrose. Il montre l\u2019articulation saine (au-dessus) avec une s\u00e9rie de facteurs externes qui influencent l\u2019articulation, depuis les probl\u00e8mes h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaires et g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques jusqu\u2019aux traumatismes et blessures. Les facteurs externes aident \u00e0 amorcer le cycle de l\u2019arthrose. Une fois install\u00e9e, la maladie peut emprunter divers chemins pour continuer une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration si l\u2019on ne fournit pas un traitement et des soins appropri\u00e9s.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Le cycle de l\u2019arthrose Le \u00ab\u00a0Cycle de l\u2019arthrose\u00bb repr\u00e9sente la d\u00e9gradation continuelle et le d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre des processus m\u00e9taboliques dans l\u2019articulation une fois le cycle de la maladie arthrosique \u00e9tabli.\u00a0L\u2019OA peut \u00eatre mise en place par une s\u00e9rie de facteurs externes, tels que des blessures ou traumatismes articulaires. Une fois le processus arthrosique mis en… Read more »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":37,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-41","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe cycle de l\u2019arthrose - Cartrophen Vet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cartrophen.com\/for-vets\/equine-traumatic-joint-disease\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le cycle de l\u2019arthrose - Cartrophen Vet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  Le cycle de l\u2019arthrose Le \u00ab\u00a0Cycle de l\u2019arthrose\u00bb repr\u00e9sente la d\u00e9gradation continuelle et le d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre des processus m\u00e9taboliques dans l\u2019articulation une fois le cycle de la maladie arthrosique \u00e9tabli.\u00a0L\u2019OA peut \u00eatre mise en place par une s\u00e9rie de facteurs externes, tels que des blessures ou traumatismes articulaires. 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